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Set password complexity in DEB based systems To set minimum password length, edit /etc/pam.d/common-password file: $ sudo nano /etc/pam.d/common-passwordįind the following line: password pam_unix.so obscure sha512 $ sudo cp /etc/pam.d/common-password /etc/pam.d/common-password.bak Before making any changes in it, backup this file, just in case. And the password policies are defined in / etc/pam.d/common-password file. Usually, the password and authentication-related configuration files are stored in /etc/pam.d/ directory in Debian-based systems. The Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM) is installed by default in DEB-based systems. Set Password Length In Debian, Ubuntu And Its Derivatives
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Set Password Policies In LinuxĪs I already said, we are going to implement the following 3 password policies:įirst, we will see how to set password length in DEB-based systems. Well, let us go ahead and learn how to set Linux password policies. If possible, please use multi-factor authentication. To put it all together, a good password must always contains at least 8 characters including a number, an uppercase letter, and a special character. This is one of the best security practice that everyone should follow to secure their systems. Try to use 2FA or MFA methods wherever possible. Instead of putting shorter expiration time, you can increase the password length. So the user had to set a new password every month and definitely users will not happy about this. Let us say you set password expiration time to 30 days. This is another commonly imposed security restriction.
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These kind of passwords might take longer time to crack but the attackers know the users tend to use these patterns and they may try to guess the password based on these patterns. The users will be frustrated of the strong password policies and choose worse passwords to meet the password policy.įor instance, a user will add complexity to his/her password by simply adding a number or special character like "1" or "!" to the end or capitalizing the first letter of their password. While this is best for the security, it also could be counterproductive. Some Linux admins put too much restrictions on users to choose a password. Hence, you should not include the aforementioned details in your passwords. An attacker might try to guess the password from these details.
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Facebook) and professional networks (E.g. You might have added some of your personal and most of your educational and professional details in social (E.g. More importantly, never ever use your real name, parents/spouse/kids name, school/college name, or your date of birth in your password. The another important point to remember while choosing a password is to avoid commonly used passwords. In fact, a longer password, even consisting of simpler words or constructs, is much better than a short password with special characters.
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Passwords that are too short prone to brute force attacks as well as to dictionary attacks using words and commonly chosen passwords. The longer the password, the longer it will take to crack. Password length has been found to be a primary factor in characterizing password strength. I strongly advice you not to go below this limit. In most environments, the recommended password length is 8 characters.Īn eight-character password is recommended because it's long enough to provide adequate security and still short enough for users to easily remember. In this guide, we will learn how to implement some important Linux password policies using Pluggable Authentication Method, shortly known as PAM, in order to strengthen your Linux system's security.īefore getting into the topic, I'd like to list a few important key elements to remember before setting up the password policies. Because, so many system breaches are happened due to weak passwords. As a System administrator, you must set a strong password for the users and enforce a strong password policy.
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